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Cassia fistula, commonly known as the golden shower tree or Indian laburnum, is a flowering tree in the Fabaceae family. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and is widely cultivated for its striking yellow flowers. Here's some information about Cassia fistula:
Appearance: The golden shower tree is a medium to large-sized deciduous tree that can reach a height of 30 to 40 feet (9 to 12 meters). It has a spreading canopy and a straight, cylindrical trunk. The leaves are pinnate, meaning they consist of multiple leaflets arranged in pairs along a central stalk. The leaflets are bright green and elongated, giving the tree a lush appearance.
Flowers: The most notable feature of Cassia fistula is its profusion of vibrant yellow flowers. The flowers are large and pendulous, hanging in long clusters or racemes. Each flower has five petals and a tubular structure called the calyx. The flowering period typically occurs during the spring or summer months, depending on the climate.
Fruits: After the flowering season, the tree produces long, cylindrical seed pods that are dark brown in color. The pods are woody and contain numerous black seeds embedded in a sweet, sticky pulp. The pods can reach lengths of 1 to 2 feet (30 to 60 cm) and persist on the tree for some time before eventually splitting open to release the seeds.
Growing Conditions: Cassia fistula thrives in tropical and subtropical climates. It prefers full sun exposure to partial shade. The tree is adaptable to a variety of soil types but prefers well-drained soil. Once established, it can tolerate periods of drought but generally benefits from regular watering.
Uses: The golden shower tree is primarily cultivated for its ornamental value. Its stunning yellow flowers make it a popular choice in gardens, parks, and landscapes. The tree attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies, adding to its visual appeal. In some cultures, the flowers are also used for religious and ceremonial purposes.
Medicinal Uses: Various parts of Cassia fistula have been used in traditional medicine systems for their medicinal properties. The bark, leaves, and flowers are believed to have laxative, diuretic, and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects. However, it's important to note that the use of these plant parts for medicinal purposes should be done under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.
Conservation: Cassia fistula is not considered a threatened species. It is widely cultivated and has been introduced to many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. However, like any tree species, protection and conservation efforts are important to preserve the natural habitats and genetic diversity of this tree.
Cassia fistula is a magnificent tree that adds a splash of color to the landscape with its abundant yellow flowers. Its cultural significance, ornamental value, and traditional medicinal uses make it a cherished tree in many parts of the world.
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